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| 1933 |
| | Pablo Neruda increases his international reputation with a collection of surrealist poems, Residencia en la tierra ('Residence on earth') | |
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| 1950 |
| | The Chilean poet Pablo Neruda publishes his epic account of South America and its people, Canto general | |
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| 1970 |
| | Salvador Allende, heading a Socialist and Marxist coalition, is elected president in Chile | |
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| 1971 |
| | The Chilean poet Pablo Neruda wins the Nobel Prize for Literature | |
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| 1973 |
| | President Salvador Allende appoints Augusto Pinochet commander-in-chief of the Chilean army and brings him into the cabinet | |
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| 1973 |
| | Chilean president Salvador Allende dies in the Chilean capital, Santiago, in a military coup led by Augusto Pinochet | |
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| 1974 |
| | Augusto Pinochet takes sole power in Chile, at the head of a junta which governs with extreme brutality | |
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| 1982 |
| | Chilean author Isabel Allende publishes her first novel, The House of the Spirits | |
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| 1988 |
| | Augusto Pinochet, the only candidate in Chile's presidential election, resigns when he wins less than half the votes cast | |
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| 1989 |
| | With the fall of Pinochet, Chile returns eagerly to democracy - electing a Christian Democrat, Patricio Aylwin, as president | |
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